The issue brief comprises information gathered from a consultation and a panel discussion with Sudanese women human rights defenders (WHRDs) who direct grassroots organizations in Sudan and neighboring countries, as well as experts from the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan (FFM). Consultation, panel discussion, and interviews took place in two phases over several months in late 2024 and 2025. The perspectives and expertise of Rasha Ahmad (Executive Director of Collaboration for Peace), Suhair Mahdi (Executive Director of Human Security Initiative), Hind Mahmoud (Secretary-General of the Sudanese Women’s Health Organization), Mareb Zakaria, (Executive Director of Bihyriat Community Foundation), and Josiane Gedeon (Sexual Violence Investigator at the FFM for Sudan) greatly enhanced this brief. The brief analyzes and synthesizes information received from consultations and discussions, supplemented with interviews and desk-based research, to present cross-cutting patterns and trends.
